Taste responses in ruminants. 3. Reactions of pygmy goats, normal goats, sheep and cattle to sucrose and sodium chloride.
نویسندگان
چکیده
T HERE are a number of factors, both of an environmental and an intraorganic nature, which can influence the taste responses of various species of animals, some serving to increase and others acting to decrease stimulant concentrations at behavioral taste thresholds. Among these variables are included the nature of the taste medium (Mackey and Valassi, 1956; Mackey, 1958) ; the temperature of the taste medium (Beidler, 1954; Sato, 1963; Nagaki, Yamashita and Sato, 1964; Bekesy, 1964); visual and positional cues (Young, 1945, 1948; Pick and Kare, 1962); age (Richter and Campbell, 1940; Cooper, Bilash and Zubek, 1959; Cicala and McMichael, 1964; Glanville, Kaplan and Fischer, 1964); presence of certain diseases (Henkin, 1967); nutritional deficits: vitamin A (Bernard, Halpern and Kare, 1961), copper (Henkin et al., 1967), energy (Richter, 1942a; Jacobs, 1958 ; Kare, Halpern and Jones, 1961), B vitamins (Richter et al., 1938; Scott, Verney and Morissey, 1950b), sodium (Richter, 1936; Bare, 1949; Epstein and Stellar, 1955), calcium (Richter and Eckert, 1937; Scott et al., 1950a); genetic constitution of populations within species (Fischer and Griffin, 1960; Fischer, 1967); and testing procedures (Patton and Ruch, 1943; Kare and Ficken, 1963). Studies have been made on the sense of taste in goats (Bell, 1959), sheep (Goatcher and Church, 1970a, b) and cattle (Stubbs and Kare, 1958; Bell and Williams, 1959). A comparison of the taste responses obtained in these trials indicates that substantial species differences exist (Goatcher, 1969). However, such a comparison is of limited usefulness because of the variables involved across studies. The objective of the experiment reported herein was to compare the taste responses of pygmy goats, normal goats, sheep and cattle to sucrose and sodium chloride when the animals were maintained under similar conditions and tested using a similar procedure.
منابع مشابه
Taste responses in ruminants. 4. Reactions of pygmy goats, normal goats, sheep and cattle to acetic acid and quinine hydrochloride.
B EHAVIORAL taste thresholds are often used to compare gustatory chemoreception among species. However, such thresholds may vary depending upon a number of environmental and intraorganic factors. In order to obtain reasonably precise species-comparisons, it is necessary that as many as possible of the influencing factors be controlled. The purpose of the studies reported in this paper was to co...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of animal science
دوره 31 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1970